Review Article

Year : 2018 | Volume : 6 | Issue : 2 | Page : 21-26

Spinal Cord Injury and Oral Health Status: A Systematic Review

Ravi Karthikayan, Aparna Sukumaran, Kiran Iyer, Madan Kumar Parangimalai Diwakar

Department of Public Health Dentistry, Ragas Dental College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India

Address for correspondence:

Dr. Ravi Karthikayan,

Department of Public Health Dentistry, Ragas Dental College, Uthandi, Chennai ‐ 600 119, Tamil Nadu, India.

E‐mail: karthiravibds@gmail.com

Abstract

Aim:

To assess the oral health status in patients with various levels of spinal cord injury.

Data Sources:

Relevant studies were included from the period of January 2007 to October 2017 via MEDLINE, EMBASE and GOOGLE SCHOLAR, TRIP DATABASE. The search identified no randomized control trials for the proposed research question. The first set of terms included ‘oral health status of spinal cord injury patient. The second set included the term ‘oral health’, ‘dental health’ separated by Boolean operator “OR” ‘and the third set included the term ‘spinal cord injury patient, ‘upper limb paralysed patients ‘separated by Boolean operator “OR.

Conclusion:

Based on inclusion criteria 5 articles were included. The methodological quality of the selected articles were assessed using the Effective Public Health Practice Project (EPHPP) 1998. The study results implied that the oral health among SCI patients was fair which is due to poor oral hygiene practices, greater levels of plaque, gingival bleeding and increase levels of caries experience. Oral hygiene instructions should be given in these patients and the caregivers should be trained adequately to maintain the oral hygiene of these physically compromised patients.

Keywords: Hemiplegia, oral health status, quadriplegia, spinal cord injury

Financial support and sponsorship

Nil.

Conflicts of interest

There are no conflicts of interest.

How to cite this article:

Karthikayan R, Sukumaran A, Iyer K, Diwakar MP. Spinal cord injury and oral health status: A systematic review. Int J Community Dent 2018;6:21-6

Original Article

Year : 2018 | Volume : 6 | Issue : 1 | Page : 16-20

Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices Related to the Oral Health among the Pregnant Women Attending a Government Hospital, Chennai

Anshika Khare, Vrinda Saxena, Manish Jain1

Department of Public Health Dentistry, People’s Dental Academy, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, 1

Department of Public Health Dentistry, SMBT Dental College and Hospital, Ghulewadi, Maharashtra, India

Address for correspondence:

Dr. L. Leelavathi,

Department of Public Health Dentistry, Saveetha Dental College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.

E‐mail: karleela81@gmail.com

Abstract

Background:

Good oral hygiene during pregnancy improves oral and general health of the mother, which in turn promotes oral and general health of the child. Hence, a study was done to assess knowledge and practices of pregnant woman regarding oral health.

Materials and Methods:

A cross‐sectional survey was conducted among pregnant women attending a Government hospital, Chennai. A total of 500 samples were selected by convenience sampling technique. A questionnaire containing 16 close‐ended questions related to knowledge, attitude, and practices pertaining to oral health during pregnancy along with demographic data was used for collecting baseline information. Descriptive statistics and Chi‐square test were used to analyze the data.

Results:

Majority of the study participants (95%) were not aware that gum disease can cause preterm low birth weight babies. Most of them (93%) were not aware of safe period for undergoing dental treatment during pregnancy. Majority of the study participants (97.4%) used tooth brush and tooth paste to clean their teeth. Nearly half of the study participants (48.6%) replied that they consult dentist while experiencing dental problems.

Conclusion:

The knowledge related to oral health of pregnant women during pregnancy was found to be low and need to be improved. Oral health practice was not sufficient among the study participants and therefore proper health education is to be given to them regarding the importance of oral hygiene aids to maintain good oral health. Attitude toward dental visit has to be improved.

Keywords: Attitude, awareness, dental health, pregnancy

Financial support and sponsorship

Nil.

Conflicts of interest

There are no conflicts of interest.

How to cite this article:

Leelavathi L, Merlin TH, Ramani V, Suja RA, Chandran CR. Knowledge, attitude, and practices related to the oral health among the pregnant women attending a government hospital, Chennai. Int J Community Dent 2018;6:16-20.

Original Article

Year : 2018 | Volume : 6 | Issue : 1 | Page : 8 - 15

Impact of Socioeconomic Status on Decayed, Missing, and Filled Teeth among Industrial Recruits of Bhopal City, India

Anshika Khare, Vrinda Saxena, Manish Jain1

Department of Public Health Dentistry, People’s Dental Academy, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, 1

Department of Public Health Dentistry, SMBT Dental College and Hospital, Ghulewadi, Maharashtra, India

Address for correspondence:

Dr. Anshika Khare,

Department of Public Health Dentistry, People’s Dental Academy, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India.

E‐mail: khare.anshika58@gmail.com

Abstract

Background:

In this contemporary world urbanization leads to the development of various industries on an immense scale. Although rapid industrialization symbolizes the growth of any nation but it can impinge on the general as well as the oral health of their employees.

Aim:

To assess the impact of socioeconomic status (SES) on decayed, missing, filled teeth (DMFT) of industrial recruits of Bhopal city, India.

Materials and Methods:

A descriptive cross sectional study conducted among 448 industrial recruits of GEI (General Engineering Industry). Modified WHO-2013, oral health Proforma was used to appraise their dentition and related treatment necessities. Statistical analysis was done by using Chi square and ANOVA (Analysis of variance) test used for statistic analysis.

Result:

The result of this study showed that dental caries prevalence not remarkably exaggerated by socioeconomic status but the mean number of decayed, filled and missing teeth unswervingly allied with socioeconomic status.

Conclusion:

This study concluded that dentition status of GEI, industrial recruits was not good, especially in the lower class SES. Therefore, to reduce this disparity equitable distribution of oral health of services are required.

Keywords: Decayed, filled, missing teeth, socioeconomic status

Financial support and sponsorship

Nil.

Conflicts of interest

There are no conflicts of interest.

How to cite this article:

Khare A, Saxena V, Jain M. Impact of socioeconomic status on decayed, missing, and filled teeth among industrial recruits of Bhopal City, India. Int J Community Dent 2018;6:8-15.

Original Article

Year : 2018 | Volume : 6 | Issue : 1 | Page : 3 - 7

Prevalence of Aggressive Periodontitis in a Specified Population of District Yamunanagar, Haryana, India

Ashvini Kumar Almadi, Nymphea Pandit1, Deepika Bali1, Pallavi Marya2

Dental Surgeon, M.L. Civil Hospital, 1 Department of Periodontology and Oral Implantology, D.A.V. (C) Dental College, 2 Dental Surgeon, Community Health Centre, Radaur, Yamunanagar, Haryana, India

Address for correspondence:

Dr. Ashvini Kumar Almadi,

Dental Surgeon, M.L. Civil Hospital, Yamunanagar - 135 001,Haryana, India.

E‐mail: almadiashvini@gmail.com

Objective:

To assess the prevalence of aggressive periodontitis and associated risk factors in 15–30‐year‐old school/college‐going adolescent population/adults in district Yamunanagar, Haryana, India.

Methodology:

A total of 3875 individuals from 12 schools and 6 colleges of 6 blocks of district Yamunanagar were assessed on random basis in two stages. The first stage included assessment of risk factors and any systemic illnesses and periodontal assessment. In the second stage, complete periodontal and radiographic examination including bitewing examination of the molar region and periapical examination of incisor regions was carried out for the confirmation of aggressive periodontitis. Statistical Analysis: Chi‐square and Fisher’s exact test was applied to find the association between different variables. The overall model was tested by the Chi‐square test and goodness of fit of the model was assessed using Hosmer and Lemeshow goodness‐of‐fit test.

Results:

In the present study, 2043 participants were male and 1832 were female while 6 participants (2 males and 4 females) were found to be affected with aggressive periodontitis, thus giving the prevalence of aggressive periodontitis in the present study of 0.15% (95% confidence interval: 0.05%–0.34%) with female: male ratio of 2:1. Religion, socioeconomic status, diet, method and frequency of tooth cleaning, and smoking/tobacco were not significantly associated with aggressive periodontitis.

Conclusion:

This study provides an insight into the existing lifestyle trends, attitude, and oral hygiene behavior of children/young adolescents and their association with the progression of disease.

Keywords: Adolescents, adult population, aggressive periodontitis, prevalence

Financial support and sponsorship

Nil.

Conflicts of interest

There are no conflicts of interest.

How to cite this article:

Almadi AK, Pandit N, Bali D, Marya P. Prevalence of aggressive periodontitis in a specified population of district Yamunanagar, Haryana, India. Int J Community Dent 2018;6:3-7.

Review Article

Year : 2018 | Volume : 6 | Issue : 1 | Page : 1 - 2

Common Dental Diseases ‐ Dispelling the Prevailing Myth

Selwin Gabriel Samuel, S. K. Indu Bharkavi

Institute of Forensic Science, Gujarat Forensic Sciences University, Gandhinagar, Gujarat

Dental and Orthodontic Centre, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India

Address for correspondence:

Dr. Selwin Gabriel Samuel,

Institute of Forensic Science, Gujarat Forensic Sciences University, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India.

E‐mail: iamdrselwin@gmail.com

Abstract

Dental caries is generally considered to be the most common oral disease. According to the studies that have recorded the prevalence of oral diseases, periodontal diseases do not have records about its prevalence as much as dental caries. The periodontal diseases, both gingivitis and periodontitis occur due to various reasons, as they are multifactorial. Based on the correlation of the knowledge of the pathophysiology of diseases affecting periodontium and available data, it can be derived that gingivitis is also as common as dental caries. The authors speculate that sacking of gingivitis into a broader term of periodontal diseases may be the reason that hinders this fact. Hence, there is an obvious need to replace the tradition with actuality by making a deeper investigation.

Keywords: Common disease, dental caries, gingivitis, periodontal disease

Financial support and sponsorship

Nil.

Conflicts of interest

There are no conflicts of interest.

How to cite this article:

Samuel SG, Bharkavi SK. Common dental diseases - Dispelling the prevailing myth. Int J Community Dent 2018;6:1-2.