Original Article
Keywords:
Antibacterial, Biofilm, Extract, Leaf, Plant.
Year : 2023 | Volume : 14 | Issue : 3 | Page : 11-19
Evaluation of Antibacterial and Antibiofilm Activity of Cucurbita Maxima Leaf Extract Against Streptococcus Mutans Isolated from Orthodontic Patients
Ravindra Kumar Jain1 , Mathew Thomas Maliael2 , Pitchaipillai Sankar Ganesh3
1Professor, 2Post Graduate, Department of Orthodontics, 3Professor, Department of Microbiology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai – 77
Address for Correspondence:
Dr. Ravindra Kumar Jain
Professor and Head Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics Saveetha Dental College and Hospital Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences Chennai – 77.
Mail: ravindrakumar@saveetha.com
Abstract
Aim
The aim of this investigation was to evaluate the antimicrobial activity and anti-biofilm activity of Cucurbita Maxima leaf extract on Streptococcus mutans isolated from dental plaque of subjects undergoing orthodontic treatment.
Methodology
Dental plaque samples were collected from out patients undergoing orthodontic treatment. From the plaque samples Biochemical Characterisation of Streptococcus mutans then Collection of Medicinal Plants was done followed by Preparation of Solvent Extract and stock Solution. Evaluation of Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of the plant extract and Biofilm Inhibition Assay with Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrum Analysis (GCMS) was carried out.
Results
The MIC was identified to be 1.25mg/ml. The biofilm inhibition assay showed that the extract did not inhibit the formation of the biofilm. The GCMS analysis identified twenty-five constituent compounds from the crude extract.
Conclusion
The C. maxima leaf extract showed antibacterial activity against S. mutans and the minimum inhibitory concentration was identified at 1.25mg/ml. The extract did not inhibit the formation of biofilm.
Keywords: Antibacterial, Biofilm, Extract, Leaf, Plant.
CONFLICT OF INTEREST
The authors have no conflict of interest to declare.
FUNDING
No funding was obtained for this study
How to cite this article: Evaluation of Antibacterial and Antibiofilm Activity of Cucurbita Maxima Leaf Extract Against Streptococcus Mutans Isolated from Orthodontic Patients. Int J Orthod Rehabil 2023; 14 (3) 11 -19. Doi: 10.56501/intjorthodrehabil.v14i3.763.
Systematic Review
Expansion, Schwarz Appliance, Growing Patients.
Year : 2022 | Volume : 13 | Issue : 1 | Page : 01-09
MANDIBULAR ARCH CHANGES FOLLOWING EXPANSION WITH SCHWARZ APPLIANCE IN GROWING PATIENTS – A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW.
Mathew Thomas Maliael1, R Navaneethan2, Ravindra Kumar Jain3
Department of Orthodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Technical and Medical Sciences, Chennai – 600 077.
ABSTRACT
Aim and Objectives
The aim of this review is to systematically evaluate and assess the available evidence on arch dimensional changes in the mandible following expansion using Schwarz Appliance in growing patients.
Materials and Methods
The protocol for the review was registered with the PROSPERO database. A systematic search was done on the following scientific databases PubMed, Cochrane Central, LILACS and Google Scholar to identify articles of relevance published until April 2021. Articles that satisfied the inclusion criteria were included in the review. The review was performed based on the PRISMA guidelines. MINORS tool was used to evaluate the Risk of Bias and quality of evidence of the included studies.
Results
243 trials were identified after implementing the search strategy. After eliminating duplicates 196 trials remained. After screening the titles and abstracts for the eligibility criteria, 190 trials were eliminated from further review. Full text was sought for the remaining six articles and one study was eliminated after review of the full text. Four the included studies showed low Risk of Bias in their methodologies and one study showed a low risk of Bias in its methodology. Qualitative analysis was performed on the remaining five trials. The studies significant increase in the Intermolar, intercanine, interpremolar and arch perimeter and also observed significant up righting of the permanent mandibular first molar.
Conclusion
Arch dimensional changes in the mandible of growing patients after expansion using Schwarz Appliance are dento-alveolar in nature. No skeletal Expansion is seen.
Key Words: Expansion, Schwarz Appliance, Growing Patients.
CONFLICT OF INTEREST
The authors of this review have no conflict of interest to declare.
FUNDING
The authors of this review have no funding sources to declare.
How to Cite This Article:
R Navaneethan, Ravindra Kumar Jain, & Mathew Thomas Maliael. (2022). MANDIBULAR ARCH CHANGES FOLLOWING EXPANSION WITH SCHWARZ APPLIANCE IN GROWING PATIENTS – A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW.: Original Article. International Journal of Orthodontic Rehabilitation, 13(1), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.56501/intjorthodrehabil.v13i1.15